Girl sees fine with half a brain

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Warped

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090724-one-eye-vision2-02.jpg

An MRI scan of the German girl's brain, clearly showing that she has only one brain hemisphere. Credit: The University of Glasgow
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090724-one-eye-vision-02.jpg

An MRI scan shows how the nasal retina optic nerve has connected to the left hemisphere of the brain (image is inverted) Credit: The University of Glasgow
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A 10-year-old girl from Germany has had quite a normal life despite the fact that she was born with only half her brain. Even more surprising, she has almost perfect vision in one of her eyes.

Now, scientists have figured out why. The girl's brain rewired itself — likely in the womb — so that it's able to process information from both the right and left fields of vision even though she is missing the right brain hemisphere, which failed to develop while she was in the womb.

The child's case is the only one of its kind known in the world, researchers said.

Usually, a person's left and right visual fields are processed by opposite sides of the brain — the left hemisphere handles the right field of vision and the right hemisphere takes care of the left field of vision.

But functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans of the girl's brain showed that the retinal nerve fibers which should have gone to the right side of her brain instead rerouted to the left. Also, the scans revealed that the visual cortex on the left side of her brain, which maps out the right field of vision, contained "islands" to deal with the left visual field.

“The brain has amazing plasticity but we were quite astonished to see just how well the single hemisphere of the brain in this girl has adapted to compensate for the missing half," Dr. Lars Muckli, a researcher from the Center for Cognitive Neuroimaging at the University of Glasgow, said in a statement.

When the girl, a German who has not been named by researchers, was three years old, she underwent an MRI scan after suffering seizures and twitching on her left side, and she was found to have an underdeveloped brain. Her seizures have since been successfully treated, and she has had an almost normal developmental and medical history, attending regular school and taking part in activities such as roller-skating.

"Despite lacking one hemisphere, the girl has normal psychological function and is perfectly capable of living a normal and fulfilling life. She is witty, charming and intelligent," said Muckli.

When patients have half of their brain removed to treat epilepsy, they lose one field of vision in both of their eyes, meaning they see only objects on the left or right side of their vision. But the German girl's case is unique because she can see both left and right visual fields in one eye.

Each of your eyes sends visual information to two parts of your brain through two different nerve fibers. The nerve fiber closest to your nose is called the nasal retina, and the nerve fiber by your temples is called the temporal retina.

Normally, the nerve fibers from the nasal retina cross over in a section of the brain called the optic chiasma, so they are processed by the opposite hemisphere. On the other hand, the nerve fibers form the temporal retina stay in the same hemisphere. This set up causes the left and right visual fields to be processed by opposite sides of the brain. For instance, in your left eye, visual signals from your left field of vision will be sent to the right side of your brain via the nasal retina, while visual signals from your right field of vision will be processed by the left side of your brain via the temporal nerve.

But in the girl's case, the left nasal retina nerve connected to the left brain hemisphere.

The researchers think that the girl's right brain hemisphere stopped developing early in the womb, and that when the optic nerves reached the optic chiasma, the chemical cues that would normally guide the left eye nasal retinal nerve to the right hemisphere were not present, so the nerve was drawn to the left.

If this is indeed the case, it would mean that there are no molecular repressors to prevent the nasal retinal nerve fibers from entering the same hemisphere.

Dr. Muckli led the study and collaborated with colleagues from the Institute of Medical Psychology at Goethe University, Germany. The results were published online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on July 20.
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http://www.livescience.com/health/090727-one-eye-vision.html

this is pretty damn cool that she can almost function normally and fit into society pretty well now. truly remarkable, hope the best for her
 
Most of you ****ers manage to post here with less than half a brain, so it's not that impressive.
 
I notice subtly implied annoyance by a certain mod. Who needs a hug?
 
Pi Mu Rho said:
Most of you ****ers manage to post here with less than half a brain, so it's not that impressive.
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Though [humans] only use 13% of our brains at any given point?
 
Vegeta897 said:
We post with our hearts, something you have long forgotten how to do.
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That's a shame, really. Hearts exist to pump blood round our bodies, while our brain is actually used for (amongst many other things) thinking. So it would seem that the heart is a particularly unsuitable organ to be put in charge of your ability to make forum posts.
 
Wow, imagine going to the doctor and finding out you only have half a brain in there. D:

Did you make out the X-Rays? 'Something rattling around in there' jokes would be devastating.

Lucky girl though. Well, not at first obviously. Lucky to be alive and halve full vision.
 
My appendix just ruptured.
 
Pi Mu Rho said:
That's a shame, really. Hearts exist to pump blood round our bodies, while our brain is actually used for (amongst many other things) thinking. So it would seem that the heart is a particularly unsuitable organ to be put in charge of your ability to make forum posts.
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we flood our posts with scarlet love?
 
So I assume the "empty" half is filled with fluid of some sort. Or does she just have a large cavity inside her head? D:
 
Man, think of all the stuff you could do with that cavity. Smuggling heroin, keeping a pet, installing an iPod (except you'd have to keep updating it)...
 
Smuggling heroin? To use a cavity for such depravity I would not condone. It's a crime of serious gravity, if caught then in prison she'd atone.
 
at least she only gets head aches on one side.
 
What if the heroin bag tore? She'd trip balls right before dying.
 
Farrowlesparrow said:
So I assume the "empty" half is filled with fluid of some sort. Or does she just have a large cavity inside her head? D:
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so in other words you're saying one side of her head would make an excellent bongo drum
 
Eejit said:
Smuggling heroin? To use a cavity for such depravity I would not condone. It's a crime of serious gravity, if caught then in prison she'd atone.
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I once knew a man from nantucket
who's head-hole was the size of a bucket.
He'd smuggle all sorts of drugs
pushed them in through his lugs
'till the bag burst and he overdosed on a mixture of heroin and cocaine.

Sad story.
 
At least if she is shot in the head in the lackofbrain side then she will survive. I bet its a hoax played by the body, the half of her brain is really just taking refuge in her leg.
 
Toaster have I mentioned I always pictured you as a surgeon of some kind? Holding some nasty looking metal tools and wearing a white face mask.
 
Naph said:
Though [humans] only use 13% of our brains at any given point?
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I think it is not true. The percentage takes brain cells which provide nutrient to neurons into account. Since over 80% of brain cells are to provide nutrient, rather than processing data, the use of brain is underestimated by this percentage.
 
I swear I've never seen that picture before.
 
It's difficult to see whether Toaster got baited into posting a picture, or Vegeta baited into asking for one.
 
I once used all of my brain at once.
It is called a seizure.
 
Are you shitting me? There isn't any "splitting headache" puns yet?
 
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